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Majorly used iron ores can be classified into 4 categories:

Magnetite

Major constituent: Fe₃O₄ (a mixture of Fe₂O₃ and FeO)
Dark gray in color
Density ～5.15kgm^-3
Contain 72.4% of Fe and 27.6% of O
Magnetic

Hematite

Major constituent: Fe₂O₃
Dark red in color
Density ～5.26kgm^-3
Contain 70% of Fe and 30% of O
Types: red hematite, specularhematite, micaceous hematite, red ocher

Siderite

Major constituent: FeCO₃
Greenish gray in color
Density ～3.8kgm^-3
Most likely contain calcium and magnesium salts

Limonite

Major constituent: mFe₂O₃∙nH₂O
Yellowish brown in color
Density ～3.6 to 4.0kgm^-3
Contain 62% of Fe, 27% of O, 11% of H₂O
Two types: HFeO₂ goethite and FeO(OH) lepidocrocite

Depending on the ratio of (CaO + MgO) / (SiO₂ + Al₂O₃), iron ore can be classified into acidic or alkaline minerals

Ratio of (CaO + MgO) / (SiO₂ + Al₂O₃)	Type of iron ores
<0.5	Acidic ore
0.5 – 0.8	seIIli-self fluxing ore
0.8 – 1.2	Self fluxing ore
>1.2	Alkaline ore

Alkaline ore is better for desulphurization
Acidic ore is better for furnace utilization and reducing the consumption of coke

Depending on size, iron ore can be divided into iron ore fines (<6mm) and iron ore lumps (～6 to 30mm)

Major industrial types and distribution of iron ore reserves in mainland China

Deposits of Industrial Type	Type of Iron Ore	Grade (%)	Basic Reserve (in MMT)	Major Distribution	Remarks
Anshan	Magnetite	30 – 35	25,000	Liaoning, Hebei	Major mines in China
Panzhihua	Vanadium-titanium Magnetite		5,000	Panzhihua	Associated with vanadium and titanium
Daye	Magnetite, Hematite	35 – 60	4,000	Yangtze river, Handan, Laiwu
Baiyunebo	Magnetite, Rare-earth Ore	30 – 60	2,400	Inner Mongolia	Associated with super large scale of rare earth mines
Meishan	Magnetite, Hematite	35 – 60	2,000	Jiangsu	Rich iron ores
Ningxiang	Hematite	30	4,000	Western Hubei	Contain sulphur and harmful impurities
Mengku	Magnetite, more Rich-iron Ore	35 – 60	1,300	Yunnan, Xinjiang	Rich iron ores

Specification of iron ores in other countries

Country	Type	Chemical Composition (%)
Country	Type	Iron (Fe)	Silica (SiO₂)	Alumina (Al₂O₃)	Phosphorus (P)	Sulphur (S)	Loss on ignition (Loi)
Australia	Newman Fines	62.5	4.5	2.2	0.08	0.02	2.5
Australia	Yandi Fines	58	5	1.7	0.05	0.02	8.5
Australia	Robe River Fines	57	5.7	2.7	0.02	0.05	9.5
Brazil	Standard Sinter Feed Guaiba	64.5	4	1.5	0.05	0.01	1.5
Brazil	Carajas Fines	66	1.2	1	0.04	0.01	1
Australia	Newman Lumps	64	2.6	1.3	0.06	0.03	1.5
Australia	Yandi Lumps	59.5	4	1.5	0.05	0.02	8.5
Brazil	New Tubarao Lumps	66.5	2.5	1	0.05	0.03	1

China Ports with Capacity over 100MT berths

Location	Water Depth (m)	Length of Port (m)	Number of Berths	Grade of Berths (kt)
Dalian	23	450	1	300
Dalian	18.6	437	1	150
Yingkou	20	405	1	200
	15.5	340	1	150
	25	406	1	300
Qinhuangdao			1	100
Jingtang			2	250
Tianjin	20.8	431	1	200
Tianjin	22.8	375	1	200 / 250
Qingdao	13.5	270	1	100
	13.5	240	1	100
	13.5	300	1	100
	11	160	1	100
	11	220	2	100
	21	383	1	250
	17	440	1	150
	14	220	1	100
Shanghai	13.2	743	2	200
Nantong	16	560	2	150
Beilun	20.5	422	1	200 / 300
Beilun	18.2	351	1	100
Rizhao			1	200
Rizhao			1	300
Lanshan			1	200
Lianyungang			1	300
Majishan			1	300
Caofeidian			4	250
Caofeidian			4	250
Zhanjiang			1	250
Fangchenggang			1	200

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